Drafting resources
Model orders for appointing a discovery special master, referee, or forensic neutral.
Illustrative starting points counsel can adapt for the forum and the dispute. Each leaves a blank for the neutral's name and a note on what to tailor with counsel.
A — Order Appointing Discovery Special Master (Fed. R. Civ. P. 53)
SAMPLE — ADAPT WITH COUNSEL
[CAPTION]
ORDER APPOINTING SPECIAL MASTER FOR DISCOVERY
(Fed. R. Civ. P. 53)
The Court, finding that the discovery in this action presents issues
that cannot be effectively and timely addressed by the Court, and good
cause appearing, ORDERS as follows:
1. APPOINTMENT. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 53, the
Court appoints [NEUTRAL NAME] as Special Master to address the
discovery matters described below.
2. DUTIES. The Special Master is authorized to supervise, hear, and
make recommendations or determinations on discovery disputes,
including disputes concerning the preservation, collection, search,
review, and production of electronically stored information (ESI),
privilege, and forensic inspection protocols.
3. AUTHORITY. The Special Master may conduct conferences, require
written submissions, set deadlines, and recommend or, where the
parties so stipulate, decide the referred matters. The Special
Master may communicate ex parte with the Court regarding logistics
and the status of the reference.
4. STANDARD OF REVIEW. The Court will review de novo all objections to
findings of fact and conclusions of law made or recommended by the
Special Master. The Court will review rulings on procedural matters
for abuse of discretion. (Parties may modify by stipulation.)
5. RECORD. The Special Master shall maintain a record sufficient to
permit review and shall file reports and recommendations with the
Court, serving copies on all parties.
6. COMPENSATION. The Special Master shall be compensated at the rate
administered through JAMS, allocated [ALLOCATION] among the parties,
subject to reallocation by the Court.
7. COMMUNICATIONS & EX PARTE. Except as provided in paragraph 3, the
Special Master shall not communicate ex parte with any party on the
merits of a referred dispute.
8. TERM. This appointment continues until the referred matters are
resolved or until further order of the Court.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Dated: [DATE] ____________________________
United States District Judge
Tailor the scope in ¶ 2, the standard of review in ¶ 4, and the compensation allocation in ¶ 6 to the matter. Rule 53 requires notice and an opportunity to be heard before appointment, and an order that states the master's duties and the basis and terms of compensation.
B — Stipulation to Appoint Discovery Referee (Code Civ. Proc. § 638)
SAMPLE — ADAPT WITH COUNSEL
[CAPTION]
STIPULATION AND [PROPOSED] ORDER APPOINTING
DISCOVERY REFEREE (Code Civ. Proc. § 638)
The parties, by and through their counsel of record, STIPULATE as
follows and request that the Court enter the order below:
1. REFERENCE. Pursuant to Code of Civil Procedure section 638(a), the
parties agree to refer to a referee all discovery disputes arising
in this action for hearing and determination.
2. REFEREE. The parties stipulate to the appointment of
[NEUTRAL NAME] as discovery referee.
3. POWERS. The referee shall hear and determine the referred discovery
matters and report a statement of decision to the Court. The
referee may set procedures, require written submissions, hold
conferences, and issue recommendations and rulings on the referred
disputes.
4. EFFECT OF DECISION. The referee's determinations on referred
discovery matters shall stand as decisions of the Court, subject to
the parties' rights to object and to the Court's review as provided
by law.
5. FEES. The referee's fees shall be administered through JAMS and
borne [ALLOCATION], subject to reallocation by the Court or the
referee for conduct warranting a shift.
6. COMMUNICATIONS. The referee may communicate with the Court
regarding the status and logistics of the reference.
IT IS SO STIPULATED.
Dated: [DATE] ____________________ ____________________
Counsel for Plaintiff Counsel for Defendant
[PROPOSED] ORDER
Good cause appearing, the Court appoints [NEUTRAL NAME] as discovery
referee on the terms stipulated above.
Dated: [DATE] ____________________________
Judge of the Superior Court
Section 638 permits appointment by the parties' agreement. Where there is no agreement, section 639 allows appointment on the court's own motion in defined circumstances; that route uses different findings and a different order.
C — ESI-Dispute Mediation Clause
SAMPLE — ADAPT WITH COUNSEL ESI PROTOCOL MEDIATION CLAUSE Before either party moves for relief concerning electronically stored information — including disputes over the ESI protocol, search methodology (including technology-assisted review), custodians, scope, form of production, or privilege review methodology — the parties shall first submit the dispute to a neutral for mediation. The parties designate [NEUTRAL NAME] as the ESI neutral, whose engagement shall be administered through JAMS. The neutral may convene conferences, request informal submissions, and propose a resolution. If the dispute is not resolved within [NUMBER] days of submission, either party may seek relief from the Court or, in arbitration, from the tribunal. Nothing in this clause limits a party's right to seek emergency preservation relief.
Drop this into a case-management stipulation, an ESI protocol, or an arbitration agreement. Set the cooling-off period in days to fit the schedule.
D — Forensic Neutral Inspection Protocol
SAMPLE — ADAPT WITH COUNSEL
[CAPTION]
STIPULATED FORENSIC INSPECTION PROTOCOL
1. NEUTRAL EXAMINER. The parties stipulate to [NEUTRAL NAME] as the
neutral forensic examiner. The examiner's engagement is
administered through JAMS. The examiner is neutral and does not
represent any party.
2. SCOPE. The examiner may forensically image and examine the
following sources: [DEVICES / SYSTEMS / ACCOUNTS], limited to the
following date range and search criteria: [CRITERIA].
3. CHAIN OF CUSTODY. The examiner shall create and preserve forensic
images, document the chain of custody, and use validated tools and
repeatable methods.
4. PRIVILEGE & PRIVACY. Before any material is disclosed to a
requesting party, the producing party shall review the examiner's
candidate set for privilege and privacy and produce a log of
withholdings. The examiner shall not disclose source material
except the agreed work product described in paragraph 5.
5. WORK PRODUCT. The examiner shall produce only [DEFINED OUTPUT]
(e.g., responsive files, hash lists, activity timelines) and shall
not provide unfettered access to the imaged sources.
6. DISPUTES. Disputes about scope, methodology, or disclosure shall be
presented first to the examiner and, if unresolved, to the Court.
7. COST. The examiner's fees shall be borne [ALLOCATION], subject to
reallocation by the Court.
SO STIPULATED.
The point of a neutral protocol is to give the requesting party meaningful discovery while protecting the producing party's privilege, privacy, and trade secrets. Define the permitted output precisely in ¶ 5.
Get the full Model Discovery Order Pack — free.
Prefer a polished, copy-ready set delivered to your inbox? Subscribe and we'll send the pack — a Rule 53 special-master order, an ESI-protocol mediation clause, a discovery-referee stipulation, and a forensic-inspection protocol — plus a short note when a new insight publishes.
Naming the neutral in your order?
Stipulate to or request Daniel Garrie by name. Engagement is administered through JAMS.